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World Bank: The World Development Indicators (WDI) Insights

  The World Development Indicators (WDI) The World Development Indicators (WDI) is a premier cross-country database compiled by the World Bank, offering a comprehensive collection of development data from a wide range of international sources. It provides a vast array of over 1,400 time-series indicators for more than 200 economies, covering crucial aspects of global development.  The indicators are organized into six key analytical areas: World View, People, Environment, Economy, States and Markets, and Global Links. As a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and the public, the WDI serves as an essential tool for monitoring global trends, analyzing economic and social progress, and evaluating the effectiveness of development policies. Indicator Name Description  1. Poverty headcount ratio at $6.85 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) The percentage of the population living on less than $6.85 a day at 2017 international prices. 2. Gini index (World Bank estimate...

World Bank: The World Development Indicators (WDI) Insights

 

The World Development Indicators (WDI) Insights

The World Development Indicators (WDI)

The World Development Indicators (WDI) is a premier cross-country database compiled by the World Bank, offering a comprehensive collection of development data from a wide range of international sources. It provides a vast array of over 1,400 time-series indicators for more than 200 economies, covering crucial aspects of global development. 

The indicators are organized into six key analytical areas: World View, People, Environment, Economy, States and Markets, and Global Links. As a vital resource for policymakers, researchers, and the public, the WDI serves as an essential tool for monitoring global trends, analyzing economic and social progress, and evaluating the effectiveness of development policies.

Indicator NameDescription 
1. Poverty headcount ratio at $6.85 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)The percentage of the population living on less than $6.85 a day at 2017 international prices.
2. Gini index (World Bank estimate)A measure of income inequality, with 0 representing perfect equality and 100 representing perfect inequality.
3. Income share The percentage of national income 
4. Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Value AddedThe percentage of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Value Added
5. The World's Safest and Most Stable NationsThe number of The World's Safest and Most Stable Nations
6. Best Healthy Living CountryFactors contributing to a country's healthy living
7. Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)The number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
8. School enrollment, primary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in primary education to the population of the age group.
9. School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in tertiary education to the population of the age group.
10. Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)The percentage of the adult population that can read and write.
Environment and Natural Resources
11. Arable land (hectares per person)The amount of arable land in hectares per person in a country.
12. Forest area (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area covered by forest.
13. CO2 emissions (kt)Total carbon dioxide emissions in kilotons.
14. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn from lakes, rivers, and groundwater.
15. Access to clean fuels and technology for cooking (% of population)The percentage of the population with access to clean cooking fuels and technologies.
16. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)The total amount of renewable freshwater resources per person.
17. Urban population living in slums (% of urban population)The percentage of the urban population living in slum households.
Infrastructure and Technology
18. Access to electricity (% of population)The percentage of the total population with access to electricity.
19. Internet users (% of population)The percentage of a country's population that has access to the Internet.
20. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 people.
21. Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people.
22. Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)The number of secure Internet servers per 1 million people.
23. Air transport, passengers carriedThe total number of passengers carried by a country's registered airlines.
24. Paved roads (% of total roads)The percentage of a country's total road network that is paved.
Economy and Labor
25. GDP growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of a country's gross domestic product.
26. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)Gross National Income per person, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
27. Unemployment, total (% of total labor force)The percentage of the total labor force that is unemployed.
28. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)The percentage of the female population ages 15 and older that is economically active.
29. Employment in services (% of total employment)The share of total employment in the services sector.
30. Tourism, receipts (current US$)Revenue generated from international inbound tourism.
Finance
31. Financial Market IndicatorsBased on recent data and forecasts for 2024-2025, several countries consistently emerge at the forefront of global financial markets.
32. International FinanceSeveral key factors contribute to a country's dominance in international finance
33. Financial StabilityHighlights key factors contributing to financial stability in these leading countries..
34. Financial EfficiencySeveral key factors contribute to the effectiveness of leasing as a financial tool 
35. Financial InclusionA snapshot of countries with high levels of financial inclusion
36. Financial System SizeKey countries in the global financial system
Debt
37. Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)The total credit extended by the financial sector.
38. External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)The total amount of external debt a country owes.
39. Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)The total foreign reserves held by a country's central bank.
40. Remittance inflows (current US$)Money sent home by workers abroad.
Demographics and Urbanization
41. Population, totalThe total number of people in a country.
42. Urban population growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of the urban population.
43. Refugees, by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
44. Fertility rate, total (births per woman)The number of children a woman would have if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years.
Agriculture and Food
45. Cereal production (metric tons)The total amount of cereal produced.
46. Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)A measure of food production relative to the base period.
47. Cereal yield (kg per hectare)The amount of cereal produced per unit of land.
48. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
Miscellaneous
49. Gross savings (% of GNI)The amount of a country's national income not spent on consumption.
50. Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The total outflow of foreign direct investment from a country.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 51.

Indicator NameDescription
Macroeconomics and Trade
51. Adjusted net national income (current US$)The total income of a country's residents and businesses, adjusted for natural resource depletion and environmental damage.
52. Trade (% of GDP)The sum of exports and imports of goods and services, as a share of GDP.
53. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)The net inflow of foreign direct investment into a country.
54. Current account balance (BoP, current US$)The net sum of the balance of trade (goods and services), net factor income, and net unilateral transfers.
55. Real GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$)Gross domestic product per person, adjusted for inflation to 2015 prices.
56. High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)The value of high-technology exports as a percentage of total manufactured exports.
57. Merchandise trade balance (current US$)The difference between merchandise exports and merchandise imports.
58. Export value index (2015 = 100)A measure of the change in the value of merchandise exports.
59. Import value index (2015 = 100)A measure of the change in the value of merchandise imports.
Financial Sector and Markets
60. Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%)The percentage of bank loans that are not being repaid as scheduled.
61. Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP)The total amount of credit extended by the banking sector to the private sector, as a percentage of GDP.
62. Stock market capitalization to GDP ratio (%)The total value of all listed shares on a country's stock market, as a percentage of GDP.
63. Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)A country's holdings of foreign currency and gold.
64. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GNI)The net inflow of foreign direct investment into a country as a percentage of its Gross National Income.
Social and Human Development
65. Labor force, totalThe total number of people ages 15 and older who are employed or unemployed.
66. Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth labor force that is unemployed.
67. Employment to population ratio, total (% of total population ages 15+)The percentage of the working-age population (15+) that is employed.
68. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)Gross National Income per person, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
69. Total population with access to electricity (%)The percentage of the total population with access to electricity.
70. Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved sanitation facilities.
71. Improved water source (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved drinking water sources.
72. Mortality rate, female adult (per 1,000 female adults)The number of women aged 15-60 who die per 1,000 female adults.
73. Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are underweight for their age.
Agriculture and Environment
74. Total agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
75. Cereal production (metric tons)The total amount of cereal produced in a country.
76. Arable land (hectares per person)The amount of arable land in hectares per person.
77. Forest area (sq. km)The total area of forest in a country in square kilometers.
78. Total renewable water resources per capita (cubic meters)The total amount of renewable water resources per person.
79. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn annually.
80. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
81. Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption that comes from fossil fuels.
82. Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption from renewable sources.
Government and Public Sector
83. Government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)The value of all government spending on goods and services.
84. Central government debt, total (% of GDP)The total debt owed by the central government.
85. Tax revenue (% of GDP)The total tax revenues collected by the central government.
86. Net ODA received (% of GNI)Net Official Development Assistance received, as a percentage of a country's GNI.
87. Military expenditure (% of GDP)The total spending on military activities as a percentage of GDP.
Governance Indicators
88. Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized.
89. Government effectiveness (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the quality of public services and the competence of civil servants.
90. Rule of law (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society.
91. Control of corruption (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain.
92. Regulatory quality (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies.
93. Voice and accountability (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which citizens can participate in selecting their government.
Demographics and Population
94. Population, totalThe total number of people in a country.
95. Urban population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in urban areas.
96. Rural population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in rural areas.
97. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
98. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
99. Fertility rate, total (births per woman)The number of children a woman would have if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years.
100. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)The number of children who die before reaching the age of five per 1,000 live births.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 101.

Indicator NameDescription
Economic Policy and Debt
101. External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$)The total amount of external debt with a maturity of more than one year owed to non-residents.
102. Short-term debt (% of total external debt)The portion of total external debt that matures within one year.
103. Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)The ratio of debt repayments to a country's total export earnings.
104. Reserves and related items (current US$)A country's total official reserves, including gold and special drawing rights.
105. Net ODA received (% of GNI)Net Official Development Assistance received, as a percentage of a country's GNI.
106. Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The total outflow of foreign direct investment from a country to the rest of the world.
107. Portfolio investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The outflow of portfolio investments (e.g., stocks and bonds) to other economies.
108. Total government consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)The value of all government spending on goods and services, adjusted for inflation.
Private Sector & Business Environment
109. Firms with female top manager (% of firms)The percentage of firms with a woman in the position of a top manager.
110. Time required to start a business (days)The number of days it takes to legally start a business.
111. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita)The cost of completing all procedures to start a business, as a percentage of a country's GNI per capita.
112. New business registrations (number)The number of new business entities registered during a period.
113. Informal sector employment (% of total employment)The percentage of the total workforce employed in the informal sector.
Human Capital and Labor
114. Labor force with advanced education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed advanced education (e.g., college, university).
115. Labor force with basic education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed basic education.
116. Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth labor force that is unemployed.
117. Wages and salaries (% of GDP)The total amount of wages and salaries paid as a percentage of GDP.
118. Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)The share of total employment in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors.
119. Labor productivity (GDP per person employed in US$)The value of output per worker.
Social Protection and Health
120. Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)The total spending on health as a percentage of GDP.
121. Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total health expenditure)The share of total health expenditure that is paid directly by households.
122. Population using safely managed sanitation services (%)The percentage of the population with access to safely managed sanitation services.
123. Population using safely managed drinking water services (%)The percentage of the population with access to safely managed drinking water services.
124. Social protection and labor programs (current US$)The total amount spent on social protection and labor programs.
125. Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)The percentage of children who have received a measles vaccine.
126. Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are underweight for their age.
Technology and Communications
127. Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)The number of secure Internet servers per 1 million people.
128. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 people.
129. Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people.
130. Internet users (% of population)The percentage of a country's population that has access to the Internet.
131. Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)The total spending on research and development as a percentage of GDP.
Environment and Urbanization
132. Urban population growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of the urban population.
133. Urban population living in slums (% of urban population)The percentage of the urban population living in slum households.
134. Forest area (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area covered by forest.
135. Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)The difference between the market value of a natural resource and its extraction costs.
136. Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)The estimated damage from carbon dioxide emissions as a percentage of a country's GNI.
137. Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's mineral resources as a percentage of its GNI.
Agriculture and Resources
138. Cereal yield (kg per hectare)The amount of cereal produced per unit of land.
139. Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)A measure of food production relative to the base period.
140. Arable land (hectares per person)The amount of arable land in hectares per person in a country.
141. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
Tourism and Remittances
142. International tourism, receipts (current US$)The revenue generated from international inbound tourism.
143. International tourism, expenditures (current US$)The amount spent by a country's residents on international outbound tourism.
144. Personal remittances, received (current US$)Money sent home by workers abroad.
145. Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)The total value of personal remittances received as a percentage of a country's GDP.
Energy
146. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
147. Electric power consumption (% growth)The annual percentage growth rate of electric power consumption.
148. Energy imports, net (% of energy use)The net energy imported (imports minus exports) as a percentage of a country's total energy use.
149. Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2011 PPP GDP)The amount of energy used to produce one unit of economic output.
150. Access to clean fuels and technology for cooking (% of population)The percentage of the population with access to clean cooking fuels and technologies.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 151.

Indicator NameDescription
Macroeconomic and Fiscal Policy
151. Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)A measure of a country's savings rate, adjusted for investments in human capital, resource depletion, and environmental damage.
152. Adjusted savings: gross savings (% of GNI)Gross savings adjusted for consumption of fixed capital, as a percentage of GNI.
153. Central government debt, total (% of revenue)The total debt owed by the central government as a percentage of its total revenue.
154. Total official development assistance, net disbursements (current US$)The net disbursement of Official Development Assistance from all donors to all recipients.
155. Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)The annual percentage change in the cost of a basket of consumer goods and services.
Private Sector and Labor
156. Informal sector employment (% of total employment)The percentage of the total workforce employed in the informal sector.
157. Firms with female top manager (% of firms)The percentage of firms that have a woman in the top management position.
158. Time required to obtain an electrical connection (days)The number of days it takes for a firm to obtain an electrical connection.
159. Cost of business start-up procedures (% of GNI per capita)The cost of completing all legal and administrative procedures to start a business, as a percentage of a country's GNI per capita.
160. New business registrations (number)The number of new business entities registered during a period.
Education and Human Capital
161. Net enrollment rate, primary (% of primary school-age population)The percentage of children of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
162. Pupil-teacher ratio, primaryThe average number of pupils per teacher in primary education.
163. School enrollment, primary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in primary education to the population of the official primary school-age group.
164. School enrollment, secondary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in secondary education to the population of the official secondary school-age group.
165. Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)The percentage of the adult population that can read and write.
166. Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth population that can read and write.
167. Expenditure on education (% of GDP)The total public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP.
Health and Social Services
168. Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)The total spending on health as a percentage of GDP.
169. Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total health expenditure)The share of total health expenditure that is paid directly by households.
170. Physicians (per 1,000 people)The number of medical doctors per 1,000 people.
171. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)The number of nurses and midwives per 1,000 people.
172. Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved sanitation facilities.
173. Improved water source (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved drinking water sources.
174. Social protection and labor programs (current US$)The total amount spent on social protection and labor programs.
175. Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are underweight for their age.
Sustainable Development and Environment
176. CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of liquid fuels.
177. CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of gaseous fuels.
178. CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of solid fuels.
179. Forest area (sq. km)The total area of forest in a country in square kilometers.
180. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
181. Water productivity, total (US$ per cubic meter)GDP produced per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawn.
182. Land area (sq. km)The total land area of a country in square kilometers.
183. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn annually.
184. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
185. Electric power transmission and distribution losses (% of output)The amount of electricity lost during transmission and distribution.
Governance and Institutions
186. Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized.
187. Government effectiveness (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the quality of public services and the competence of civil servants.
188. Rule of law (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society.
189. Control of corruption (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain.
190. Regulatory quality (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies.
191. Voice and accountability (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which citizens can participate in selecting their government.
Miscellaneous
192. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
193. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
194. Fertility rate, total (births per woman)The number of children a woman would have if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years.
195. Mortality rate, female adult (per 1,000 female adults)The number of women aged 15-60 who die per 1,000 female adults.
196. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)The number of children who die before reaching the age of five per 1,000 live births.
197. Physicians (per 1,000 people)The number of medical doctors per 1,000 people.
198. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)The number of nurses and midwives per 1,000 people.
199. Adjusted net national income (current US$)The total income of a country's residents and businesses, adjusted for natural resource depletion and environmental damage.
200. GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)Gross National Income per person, adjusted for purchasing power parity.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 201.

Indicator NameDescription
Macroeconomic and Fiscal Indicators
201. Central government debt, total (% of revenue)The total debt owed by the central government as a percentage of its total revenue.
202. Expense, as a percentage of GDPAll government expenditures, including current and capital expenditures.
203. Revenue, excluding grants, as a percentage of GDPAll government revenues, excluding grants from other governments or international organizations.
204. Tax revenue, as a percentage of GDPThe total tax revenues collected by the central government.
205. Central government debt, total (% of GDP)The total debt owed by the central government.
206. Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$)The net disbursement of Official Development Assistance (ODA) and Official Aid (OA).
207. Military expenditure (% of GDP)The total spending on military activities.
208. Real interest rate (%)The nominal interest rate adjusted for inflation.
209. GNI, PPP (current international $)Gross National Income, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
Financial Systems and Markets
210. Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)The total amount of credit extended by the banking sector to the private sector.
211. Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)The total amount of credit extended by the financial sector.
212. Banks, commercial banks, credit to households (US$)The amount of credit extended to households by commercial banks.
213. Credit to private sector (% of GDP)The total credit extended to the private sector.
214. Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)The total foreign reserves held by a country's central bank.
215. M2 to total reserves ratioThe ratio of broad money (M2) to total foreign reserves.
216. Interest rate spread (lending rate minus borrowing rate, %)The difference between the lending rate and the borrowing rate of commercial banks.
217. Stock market capitalization (% of GDP)The total value of all listed shares on a country's stock market.
218. Total reserves in months of importsThe ratio of total reserves to monthly imports of goods and services.
Trade and Globalization
219. Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)The value of exports measured in constant U.S. dollars, adjusted for inflation.
220. Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)The value of imports measured in constant U.S. dollars, adjusted for inflation.
221. Trade in services (BoP, current US$)The sum of service exports and imports.
222. Merchandise trade (% of GDP)The sum of merchandise exports and imports.
223. High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)The value of high-technology exports as a percentage of total manufactured exports.
224. Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The total outflow of foreign direct investment from a country.
225. Portfolio investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)The inflow of portfolio investments (e.g., stocks and bonds) from abroad.
226. Personal remittances, received (current US$)Money sent home by workers abroad.
227. Total merchandise trade (current US$)The sum of merchandise exports and imports in current U.S. dollars.
Labor and Employment
228. Labor force, totalThe total number of people ages 15 and older who are employed or unemployed.
229. Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth labor force that is unemployed.
230. Employment to population ratio, total (% of total population ages 15+)The percentage of the working-age population (15+) that is employed.
231. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)The percentage of the female population that is economically active.
232. Labor force with basic education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed basic education.
233. Labor force with advanced education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed advanced education.
Sustainable Development and Energy
234. Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (% of GNI)A measure of a country's savings rate, adjusted for investments in human capital, resource depletion, and environmental damage.
235. Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)The estimated damage from carbon dioxide emissions as a percentage of a country's GNI.
236. Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's mineral resources as a percentage of its GNI.
237. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn as a percentage of internal renewable resources.
238. Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption from renewable sources.
239. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
240. Energy imports, net (% of energy use)The net energy imported as a percentage of a country's total energy use.
Urbanization and Population
241. Urban population growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of the urban population.
242. Population living in slums (% of urban population)The percentage of the urban population living in slum households.
243. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
244. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
245. Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)The number of infants who die before reaching one year of age per 1,000 live births.
Governance and Institutions
246. Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized.
247. Government effectiveness (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the quality of public services and the competence of civil servants.
248. Rule of law (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society.
249. Control of corruption (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain.
250. Regulatory quality (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 251.

Indicator NameDescription
Poverty and Social Protection
251. Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population)The percentage of the population living on less than $2.15 a day.
252. Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)The percentage of the population living below the national poverty line.
253. Gini index (World Bank estimate)A measure of income inequality, with 0 representing perfect equality.
254. Income share held by lowest 20%The percentage of national income that is held by the 20% of the population with the lowest income.
255. Income share held by highest 20%The percentage of national income that is held by the 20% of the population with the highest income.
256. Access to social protection, total (% of population)The percentage of the population covered by at least one social protection program.
257. Population, totalThe total number of people in a country or region.
Health and Nutrition
258. Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)The number of infants who die before reaching one year of age.
259. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)The number of children who die before reaching the age of five.
260. Life expectancy at birth, total (years)The average number of years a newborn infant is expected to live.
261. Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are stunted for their age.
262. Prevalence of wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are wasted for their height.
263. Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)The percentage of children who have received a measles vaccine.
264. Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are malnourished based on weight for their age.
Education and Human Development
265. Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, female (% of female primary school age population)The percentage of girls of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
266. Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, male (% of male primary school age population)The percentage of boys of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
267. School enrollment, primary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in primary education to the population of the official primary school-age group.
268. School enrollment, secondary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in secondary education to the population of the official secondary school-age group.
269. Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)The percentage of the adult population that can read and write.
270. Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth population that can read and write.
271. Expenditure on education (% of GDP)The total public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP.
Economic Resilience and Trade
272. Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)The value of a country's exports as a share of its GDP.
273. Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)The value of a country's imports as a share of its GDP.
274. Terms of trade index (2015 = 100)The ratio of a country's export prices to its import prices.
275. Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)The net inflow of foreign investment into a country.
276. External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)The total amount of external debt a country owes to non-residents.
277. Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)The ratio of debt repayments to a country's total export earnings.
Environment and Sustainable Development
278. CO2 emissions (kt)Total carbon dioxide emissions in kilotons.
279. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn as a percentage of internal renewable resources.
280. Forest area (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area covered by forest.
281. Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption from renewable sources.
282. Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)The estimated damage from carbon dioxide emissions as a percentage of a country's GNI.
283. Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's mineral resources as a percentage of its GNI.
284. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
285. Access to clean fuels and technology for cooking (% of population)The percentage of the population with access to clean cooking fuels and technologies.
286. Water productivity, total (US$ per cubic meter)GDP produced per cubic meter of freshwater withdrawn.
287. Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)The percentage of a country's territorial waters that are designated as protected.
288. Disaster risk reduction spending (current US$)The total amount of money spent on disaster risk reduction efforts.
Governance and Institutions
289. Government effectiveness (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the quality of public services and the competence of civil servants.
290. Rule of law (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society.
291. Control of corruption (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain.
292. Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized.
293. Regulatory quality (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies.
294. Voice and accountability (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which citizens can participate in selecting their government.
295. Time required to start a business (days)The number of days it takes to legally start a business.
296. Ease of doing business scoreA score reflecting a country's regulatory environment for local firms.
Miscellaneous
297. International tourism, receipts (current US$)The revenue generated from international inbound tourism.
298. Personal remittances, received (current US$)Money sent home by workers abroad.
299. High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)The value of high-tech exports as a percentage of all manufactured exports.
300. Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)Spending on R&D as a share of GDP.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 301.

Indicator NameDescription
Trade and Market Access
301. Export value index (2015 = 100)A measure of the change in the value of merchandise exports.
302. Import value index (2015 = 100)A measure of the change in the value of merchandise imports.
303. Terms of trade index (2015 = 100)The ratio of a country's export prices to its import prices.
304. Service exports (% of total service exports)The value of a country's service exports as a percentage of the world total.
305. Merchandise exports to economies in World Bank High Income countries (% of total merchandise exports)The percentage of a country's total merchandise exports that go to high-income economies.
306. Merchandise imports from economies in World Bank High Income countries (% of total merchandise imports)The percentage of a country's total merchandise imports that come from high-income economies.
307. Logistics performance index: Overall score (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the efficiency of a country's logistics.
Financial Inclusion and Access
308. Individuals using the internet to pay bills or buy goods online (% of population ages 15+)The percentage of the adult population that uses the internet for online payments or shopping.
309. Account at a financial institution or with a mobile money provider (% of population ages 15+)The percentage of the adult population that has an account at a financial institution or a mobile money account.
310. Borrowed from a financial institution to start, operate, or expand a farm or business (% of population ages 15+)The percentage of the adult population that has borrowed from a financial institution for business purposes.
311. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 people.
312. ATMs (per 100,000 adults)The number of automated teller machines per 100,000 adults.
313. Bank branches (per 100,000 adults)The number of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults.
Labor and Gender
314. Share of women in wage and salaried employment in nonagriculture (% of total nonagricultural employment)The percentage of women in non-agricultural wage employment.
315. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)The percentage of the female population ages 15 and older that is economically active.
316. Labor force, female (% of total labor force)The percentage of the total labor force that is female.
317. Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the young female labor force that is unemployed.
318. Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the young male labor force that is unemployed.
Health and Population Dynamics
319. Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)The number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
320. Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)The percentage of the adult population (ages 15-49) living with HIV.
321. Mortality rate, female adult (per 1,000 female adults)The number of women aged 15-60 who die per 1,000 female adults.
322. Mortality rate, male adult (per 1,000 male adults)The number of men aged 15-60 who die per 1,000 male adults.
323. Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)The number of hospital beds per 1,000 people.
324. Physicians (per 1,000 people)The number of medical doctors per 1,000 people.
325. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)The number of nurses and midwives per 1,000 people.
326. Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)The percentage of births attended by skilled health professionals.
327. Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of women ages 15-49)The percentage of women of reproductive age who are using any form of contraception.
Social and Environmental Governance
328. Rule of law (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society.
329. Control of corruption (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain.
330. Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the likelihood that the government will be destabilized.
331. Regulatory quality (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies.
332. Voice and accountability (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the extent to which citizens can participate in selecting their government.
333. Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)The estimated damage from carbon dioxide emissions as a percentage of a country's GNI.
334. Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's mineral resources as a percentage of its GNI.
335. Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)The difference between the market value of a natural resource and its extraction costs.
Education and Technology
336. School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in tertiary education to the population of the official tertiary school-age group.
337. School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross)The ratio of total female enrollment in tertiary education to the female population of the official age group.
338. Researchers in R&D (per million people)The number of researchers engaged in research and development per million people.
339. Patent applications, residentsThe total number of patent applications filed by residents of a country.
340. Trademark applications, residentsThe total number of trademark applications filed by residents of a country.
Urbanization and Population
341. Urban population growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of the urban population.
342. Rural population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in rural areas.
343. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
344. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
345. Population density (people per sq. km of land area)The number of people per square kilometer of land area.
Agriculture and Energy
346. Cereal yield (kg per hectare)The amount of cereal produced per unit of land.
347. Cereal production (metric tons)The total amount of cereal produced.
348. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
349. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
350. Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)The average amount of energy used per person, measured in kilograms of oil equivalent.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 351.

Indicator NameDescription
Macroeconomic and Fiscal Policy
351. Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)The sum of household and government final consumption expenditure, as a percentage of GDP.
352. Final consumption expenditure, household (current US$)The total value of household final consumption, measured in current U.S. dollars.
353. Final consumption expenditure, general government (current US$)The total value of general government final consumption, measured in current U.S. dollars.
354. Gross fixed capital formation (current US$)The total value of a country's additions to fixed assets, such as buildings and machinery.
355. Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (current US$)The total value of private sector additions to fixed assets.
356. Gross fixed capital formation, public sector (current US$)The total value of public sector additions to fixed assets.
357. Gross national expenditure (% of GDP)The sum of private and government consumption, plus gross domestic capital formation.
Government Finance
358. Expense, military (% of general government expense)Military spending as a percentage of a country's total general government expenditure.
359. Expense, health (% of general government expense)Health spending as a percentage of a country's total general government expenditure.
360. Expense, education (% of general government expense)Education spending as a percentage of a country's total general government expenditure.
361. Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$)The value of grant money received from abroad, excluding technical cooperation grants.
362. Official development assistance, net disbursements (current US$)The total amount of foreign aid disbursed by a country, less repayments.
Trade and Investment
363. Trade in services (current US$)The value of a country's exports and imports of services.
364. Transport services (% of service exports)The value of transport services as a percentage of a country's total service exports.
365. Insurance and financial services (% of service exports)The value of insurance and financial services as a percentage of a country's total service exports.
366. Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$)The total payments made for the use of intellectual property, such as patents and copyrights.
367. Charges for the use of intellectual property, receipts (BoP, current US$)The total receipts for the use of intellectual property.
368. Net official development assistance and official aid received per capita (current US$)Net ODA and OA received divided by the population.
369. Net official development assistance and official aid given per capita (current US$)Net ODA and OA given by a country per capita.
Environment and Resources
370. Access to non-solid fuel (% of population)The percentage of the population with access to non-solid fuels for cooking.
371. Energy use (kg of oil equivalent)The total amount of energy used, measured in kilograms of oil equivalent.
372. Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption that comes from fossil fuels.
373. Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption from renewable sources.
374. Electric power consumption (kWh)The total amount of electricity consumed in a country.
375. Electric power consumption per capita (kWh)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
376. Forest area (sq. km)The total area of forest in a country in square kilometers.
377. CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of liquid fuels.
378. CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of gaseous fuels.
379. CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt)Carbon dioxide emissions from the consumption of solid fuels.
380. Arable land (hectares)The total amount of land in a country suitable for farming.
Social and Labor Market
381. Labor force with basic education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed basic education.
382. Labor force with advanced education (% of total)The percentage of the total labor force that has completed advanced education.
383. Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth labor force that is unemployed.
384. Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the young female labor force that is unemployed.
385. Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the young male labor force that is unemployed.
386. Employment to population ratio, total (% of total population ages 15+)The percentage of the working-age population (15+) that is employed.
387. Employment in agriculture (% of total employment)The share of total employment in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing sectors.
388. Employment in industry (% of total employment)The share of total employment in the industrial sector.
389. Employment in services (% of total employment)The share of total employment in the services sector.
390. Labor force, female (% of total labor force)The percentage of the total labor force that is female.
Miscellaneous
391. GNI, Atlas method (current US$)Total income of a country's residents and businesses, measured using the World Bank Atlas method.
392. GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)Total income per person, measured using the World Bank Atlas method.
393. Population density (people per sq. km of land area)The number of people per square kilometer of land area.
394. Rural population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in rural areas.
395. Urban population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in urban areas.
396. Urban population growth (annual %)The annual percentage growth rate of the urban population.
397. Life expectancy at birth, total (years)The average number of years a newborn infant is expected to live.
398. Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)The number of infants who die before reaching one year of age.
399. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)The number of children who die before reaching the age of five.
400. Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are stunted for their age.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 401.

Indicator NameDescription
Health and Population
401. Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)The percentage of births attended by skilled health professionals.
402. Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)The percentage of children who have received a measles vaccine.
403. Total fertility rate (births per woman)The number of children a woman would have if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years.
404. Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)The number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
405. Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of women ages 15-49)The percentage of women of reproductive age who are using any form of contraception.
406. Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)The number of hospital beds per 1,000 people.
407. Physicians (per 1,000 people)The number of medical doctors per 1,000 people.
408. Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)The number of nurses and midwives per 1,000 people.
409. Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)The percentage of the adult population (ages 15-49) living with HIV.
410. Prevalence of wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)The percentage of children under 5 who are wasted for their height.
Education and Human Development
411. School enrollment, primary (% net)The percentage of children of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
412. School enrollment, secondary (% net)The percentage of children of secondary school age who are enrolled in secondary school.
413. School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)The ratio of total female enrollment in primary education to the female population of the official primary school-age group.
414. School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross)The ratio of total female enrollment in secondary education to the female population of the official secondary school-age group.
415. Pupil-teacher ratio, primaryThe average number of pupils per teacher in primary education.
416. Pupil-teacher ratio, secondaryThe average number of pupils per teacher in secondary education.
417. Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, male (% of male primary school age population)The percentage of boys of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
418. Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, female (% of female primary school age population)The percentage of girls of primary school age who are enrolled in primary school.
419. Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth population that can read and write.
Economic Output and Productivity
420. GDP per person employed (constant 2017 PPP US$)Gross domestic product per person employed, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
421. GDP (constant 2017 PPP US$)Total value of goods and services produced in an economy, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
422. GNI, PPP (current international $)Gross National Income, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
423. Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI)The expenditure on education as a percentage of GNI.
424. Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's mineral resources as a percentage of its GNI.
425. Adjusted savings: forest depletion (% of GNI)The depletion of a country's forest resources as a percentage of its GNI.
426. Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)The value of exports measured in constant U.S. dollars.
427. Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)The value of imports measured in constant U.S. dollars.
Infrastructure and Technology
428. Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people.
429. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)The number of mobile cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 people.
430. Internet users (% of population)The percentage of a country's population that has access to the Internet.
431. Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)The number of secure Internet servers per 1 million people.
432. Air transport, freight (million ton-km)The volume of air freight carried by a country's registered airlines.
433. Paved roads (% of total roads)The percentage of a country's total road network that is paved.
434. Logistics performance index: Overall score (1=low to 5=high)A measure of the efficiency of a country's logistics.
435. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
436. Access to electricity (% of population)The percentage of the total population with access to electricity.
Environmental and Climate-related
437. CO2 emissions (kt)Total carbon dioxide emissions in kilotons.
438. Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)Methane emissions in kilotons of CO2 equivalent.
439. Nitrous oxide emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)Nitrous oxide emissions in kilotons of CO2 equivalent.
440. Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)The total of all greenhouse gas emissions, measured in CO2 equivalent.
441. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn as a percentage of internal renewable resources.
442. Arable land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's land suitable for farming.
443. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
444. Forest area (sq. km)The total area of forest in a country.
Miscellaneous
445. Personal remittances, received (current US$)Money sent home by workers abroad.
446. Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)The total value of personal remittances received as a percentage of a country's GDP.
447. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
448. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
449. Net ODA received (% of GNI)Net Official Development Assistance received, as a percentage of GNI.
450. International tourism, receipts (current US$)The revenue generated from international inbound tourism.

Here is the continuation of the list with 50 more World Development Indicators, starting from number 451.

Indicator NameDescription
Macroeconomic Structure
451. Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)The value added of the agricultural sector, adjusted for inflation.
452. Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$)The value added of the industrial sector, adjusted for inflation.
453. Services, value added (constant 2015 US$)The value added of the services sector, adjusted for inflation.
454. Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)The value added of the manufacturing sector as a percentage of GDP.
455. Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)The amount of a country's income not spent on consumption.
456. Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$)Total investment in physical assets like buildings and machinery, adjusted for inflation.
457. Central government, current expense (current US$)Total current expenditure of the central government.
458. Total tax revenue (current US$)Total tax revenue collected by the government.
459. Total government revenue, excluding grants (current US$)All government revenues, excluding grants from other governments or international organizations.
Trade and Logistics
460. Exports of goods and services (current US$)The value of all goods and services exported.
461. Imports of goods and services (current US$)The value of all goods and services imported.
462. Merchandise exports (current US$)The total value of merchandise goods exported.
463. Merchandise imports (current US$)The total value of merchandise goods imported.
464. Transport services (% of service exports)The value of transport services as a percentage of a country's total service exports.
465. Insurance and financial services (% of service exports)The value of insurance and financial services as a percentage of a country's total service exports.
466. Air transport, freight (million ton-km)The volume of air freight carried by a country's registered airlines.
467. Air transport, passengers carriedThe total number of passengers carried by a country's registered airlines.
Financial Systems
468. Banks, commercial banks, credit to households (US$)The amount of credit extended to households by commercial banks.
469. Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)The total amount of credit extended by the banking sector to the private sector.
470. Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The total outflow of foreign direct investment from a country.
471. Portfolio investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)The outflow of portfolio investments (e.g., stocks and bonds) to other economies.
472. Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)The total foreign reserves held by a country's central bank.
473. External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)The total amount of external debt a country owes.
Human Capital and Social
474. Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24)The percentage of the youth labor force that is unemployed.
475. Employment to population ratio, total (% of total population ages 15+)The percentage of the working-age population (15+) that is employed.
476. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)The percentage of the female population that is economically active.
477. School enrollment, primary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in primary education to the population of the official primary school-age group.
478. School enrollment, secondary (% gross)The ratio of total enrollment in secondary education to the population of the official secondary school-age group.
479. Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)The percentage of the adult population that can read and write.
480. Life expectancy at birth, total (years)The average number of years a newborn infant is expected to live.
481. Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)The number of infants who die before reaching one year of age.
482. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)The number of children who die before reaching the age of five.
483. Improved sanitation facilities (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved sanitation facilities.
484. Improved water source (% of population with access)The percentage of the population with access to improved drinking water sources.
Environmental Sustainability
485. Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)The difference between the market value of a natural resource and its extraction costs.
486. Forest area (sq. km)The total area of forest in a country.
487. Agricultural land (% of land area)The percentage of a country's total land area used for agriculture.
488. Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)The total amount of freshwater withdrawn as a percentage of internal renewable resources.
489. Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)The average amount of electricity consumed per person.
490. Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption that comes from fossil fuels.
491. Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)The percentage of a country's total energy consumption from renewable sources.
492. CO2 emissions (kt)Total carbon dioxide emissions in kilotons.
493. Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)The percentage of a country's territorial waters that are designated as protected.
Miscellaneous
494. Population, totalThe total number of people in a country.
495. Urban population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in urban areas.
496. Rural population (% of total population)The percentage of the total population living in rural areas.
497. Population density (people per sq. km of land area)The number of people per square kilometer of land area.
498. Refugee population by country or territory of asylumThe number of refugees residing in a country.
499. Net migrationThe number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants.
500. Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)Spending on R&D as a share of GDP.

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  Leading Countries in Financial Stability: An Overview Financial stability is a cornerstone of a healthy economy, encompassing a country's ability to withstand and absorb economic shocks.  It is a complex measure that considers various factors, including robust banking systems , prudent fiscal policies , political stability, and strong regulatory frameworks. A country with high financial stability is generally viewed as a safe haven for investors and a secure place for its citizens to live and work. While there is no single, universally accepted ranking for financial stability, various international reports and indices provide valuable insights. These assessments often consider a combination of metrics, such as credit ratings, economic resilience, and the strength of a nation's financial institutions. Here's an overview of some of the countries consistently recognized for their strong financial stability: Switzerland: Widely regarded as a global leader in financial stab...

GDP per Capita: The Leading Countries Setting the Standard for Wealth

  Leading Countries in GDP per Capita GDP per capita is a key economic indicator that provides a snapshot of a country's economic output relative to its population.  By dividing a nation's total gross domestic product (GDP) by its population, this metric offers a more nuanced view of the average standard of living and economic productivity than total GDP alone. While countries with large overall economies, such as the United States and China, are major global players, smaller nations with high-value industries and small populations often top the list for GDP per capita. The following table presents a list of countries with the highest GDP per capita, based on recent estimates. These rankings can vary depending on the data source and whether the figures are calculated using nominal GDP or purchasing power parity (PPP). Purchasing power parity adjusts for differences in the cost of living and inflation rates, providing a more accurate comparison of living standards between coun...

World Jewelry Heaven: Global Jewelry Hubs Destination Cities

  World Top Jewelry Heaven Destination Cities  For centuries, jewelry has transcended mere adornment, serving as a powerful symbol of status, love, culture, and artistic expression. From dazzling diamonds to vibrant gemstones and intricate goldwork, the world's most exquisite pieces often originate from, or are traded within, a select few global cities. These metropolises are not just shopping destinations; they are historical centers of craftsmanship, innovation, and a profound appreciation for all things glittering. Whether you're a seasoned collector, a hopeful romantic seeking the perfect engagement ring, or simply an admirer of fine artistry, knowing where to find the world's best jewelry is key. This article delves into 10 premier cities that stand out as true "jewelry heavens," offering unparalleled selections, expert craftsmanship, and a unique cultural experience. The Allure of Global Jewelry Hubs What makes a city a "jewelry heaven"? It's a...